Highlights from This Issue and Perspectives for the New Year

Günnur Deniz
It is my pleasure to introduce the current issue of the Turkish Journal of Immunology, which brings together a series of original studies reflecting continued scientific progress in our field. This issue features contributions from Türkiye (4 articles), Indonesia (1 article), and Saudi Arabia (1 article), demonstrating both the journal’s expanding international engagement and the strong research activity (...)
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Integrated Clinical and In Silico Analysis of Hypomorphic DCLRE1C Variants: Predicting Malignancy and Autoimmunity Risk

Serkan Küççüktürk

and others

The Artemis protein, encoded by the DNA cross-link repair 1C (DCLRE1C) gene, plays a critical role in variable, diversity, and joining [V(D)J] recombination and in the repair of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA double-strand breaks. Pathogenic variants (...)
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Effects of Typeable and Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae on Human CD4+ T Cell Proliferation and Production of Th1 and Th2 Cytokines

Abdel Rahman Youssef
Haemophilus influenzae bacterium inhabits the upper respiratory tract and may cause local and systemic diseases. Haemophilus influenzae strains are classified into capsulate or typeable H. influenzae (THi) and acapsulate or non-typeable H. influenzae (NTHi) based on the expression of a polysaccharide capsule. Typeable H. influenzae (...)
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December 2025  VOLUME 13  | ISSUE  3

ISSN 1301-109X | e-ISSN 2147-8325

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Effects of HLA Typing Resolution on Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium, Linkage Disequilibrium, and Hidden Heterozygosity

Emel Yantır
The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex, encoded by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), is characterized by its remarkable polymorphism and linkage disequilibrium (LD), which makes it crucial for both immunity and disease susceptibility. Balancing selection, which promotes a heterozygote advantage and enhances resistance to infection, is the main evolutionary force maintaining this (...)

Role of Circular RNAs in Cancer Immune Checkpoint Therapy: Focus on Anti-PD-1 Treatment

Duygu Kırkık

and others

Immunotherapies refer to the usage of stimulative or suppressive substances in order to change the outcomes of immune system interactions and antagonize the disease progression. In cancer immunotherapies, it is provided by cancer vaccines, adoptive cell therapies with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies, (...)
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Understanding Allosteric Stabilization of pMHC by Peptide Ligands Through Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Onur Serçinoğlu
The adaptive immune response is a critical component of the immune system, providing highly specific and long-lasting protection against pathogens. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes play a crucial role in this response by eliminating infected or cancerous cells. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (...)
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Dose-Dependent Effects of Maternal Vitamin D₃ on Offspring IL-6 and IL-1β in a Rat Model

Kurnia Maidarmi Handayani

and others

Vitamin D₃ deficiency is a significant health concern during pregnancy and lactation due to its potential long-term effects on both maternal and neonatal health. Vitamin D₃ supports calcium homeostasis, immune development, and inflammation regulation. Low maternal vitamin (...)
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