Turk J Immunol. 2021; 9(1): 50-58 | DOI: 10.5222/TJI.2021.95530

Acute Effect of Repeated Sprint and Aerobic Endurance Training on Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells and Cytokine Levels

Orkun Akkoç¹, Deniz Genç², Hakan Özel³, Recep Fatih Kayhan⁴, Muazzez Gökalp², Özlem Kýrandý¹, Ilker Yücesir¹, Tunç Akkoç^3
1Department of Sport Science, Ýstanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Ýstanbul, Turkey
²Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University, Ýstanbul, Turkey
³Department of Sport Science, Marmara University, Ýstanbul, Turkey
⁴Department of Sport Science, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey

Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the acute effect of repeated sprints and aerobic endurance training on Foxp3+ T regulatory cells and cytokines.
Materials and Methods: The study population consisted of 16 sprinters and 16 long distance runners. Each subject was divided into his/her own branch as sprinting and distance training. Within the scope of the study, the height, body weight, sporting age, Foxp3+ T regulatory cells and cytokine values of subjects were recorded. Immunity subparameters were compared in venous blood samples taken before and after training. The Wilcoxon test was used to compare the values before and after training with level of statistical significance accepted as p<0.05.
Results: A statistically significant change was not observed for Foxp3+ T regulatory cells before and after training in sprinter (p=0.47) and distance runners (p=0.52). Sprinters had increased IL-2 (p=0.00), IL-4 (p=0.00), IL-10 (p=0.02), IL-17 (p=0.000) and TNF-α (p=0.000), decreased IL-6 (p=0.000) and unchanged IFN-γ levels (p=0.81). Distance runners had increased IL-4 (p=0.000), IL-10 (p=0.000), IL-17 levels (p<0.00), decreased TNF-α (p=0.00), IL-2 (p=0.05) and unchanged IFN-γ (p=0.15) and IL-6 (p=0.15).
Conclusion: Immune system is affected by the intensity and type of exercise. It can be said that anaerobic exercises like sprinting with high intensity supress the immune system more severely.

Keywords: Ýmmune response to exercise, cytokines, Foxp3 + T regulatory cells

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Tekrarlý Sprint ve Aerobik Dayanýklýlýk Antrenmanýnýn Foxp3+ T Regülatör Hücreler ve Sitokin Düzeylerine Akut Etkisi

Orkun Akkoç¹, Deniz Genç², Hakan Özel³, Recep Fatih Kayhan⁴, Muazzez Gökalp², Özlem Kýrandý¹, Ilker Yücesir¹, Tunç Akkoç^3
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Amaç: Çalýþmanýn amacý, tekrarlayan sprint ve aerobik dayanýklýlýk antremanýnýn Foxp3+ T regülatör hücreleri ve sitokinler üzerindeki akut etkisini araþtýrmaktýr.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalýþmaya 16 sprinter ve 16 uzun mesafe koþucusu katýldý. Sprinter ve mesafe antrenmaný yapmak üzere her denek kendi branþ grubuna ayrýldý. Çalýþma kapsamýnda deneklerin boy, vücut aðýrlýðý, spor yaþý, Foxp3+ T regülatör hücre ve sitokin deðerleri kaydedildi. Antrenman öncesi ve sonrasý alýnan venöz kan örneklerinde baðýþýklýk alt parametreleri karþýlaþtýrýldý. Wilcoxon testi eðitim öncesi ve sonrasý deðerleri karþýlaþtýrmak için kullanýldý ve anlamlýlýk p<0.05 olarak kabul edildi.
Bulgular: Sprinter ve mesafe sporcularýnýn antrenman öncesi ve sonrasýnda Foxp3+ T regülatör hücrelerinde düzeylerinde artýþ, istatistiksel seviyelerinde deðiþiklik gözlenmemiþ, (sprinterlerde p=0.47, mesafecilerde p=0.52). Sprinter seviyelerinde artýþ (p=0.00), seviyesinde deðiþiklik gözlenmemesine karþýlýk (p=0.02), IL-17 (p=0.000) ve TNF-α artmýþ, IFN-γ deðiþmemiþ, IL-6’da azalma saptandý (p<0.05). Mesafecilerde IL-4, IL-10, IL-17 artmýþ, IL-6 ve IFN-γ deðiþmemiþ, TNF-α ve IL-2 seviyelerinde azalma saptanmýþtýr (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Sonuç olarak immün sistem egzersiz þiddeti ve egzersiz türünden etkilenmektedir. Yüksek þiddette yapýlan sprint tarzý anaerobik egzersizlerin immün sistemi daha çok baskýladýðý söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Egzersize baðýþýklýk tepkisi, sitokinler, Foxp3 + T regülatör hücreler

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