ISSN 1301-109X | e-ISSN 2147-8325
Association of the Reduced Level of Interleukin-13 in Breast Milk with Chronic Diarrhea in Infancy [Turk J Immunol]
Turk J Immunol. 2019; 7(3): 107-112 | DOI: 10.25002/tji.2019.1152

Association of the Reduced Level of Interleukin-13 in Breast Milk with Chronic Diarrhea in Infancy

Sepideh Moradkhani1, Mohammad Mahdi Mohammadi2, Fatmeh Minoochehr3, Matin Vesaltalab4, Seddighe Amini-Ranjbar5, Mohammad Reza Baneshi6, Farhad Seif7, Majid Khoshmirsafa7
1Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Immunology, Kerman, Islamic Republic of Iran
2Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Immunology, Kerman, Islamic Republic of Iran
3Human Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of Iran
4University of medical science, bandarAbbas, Islamic Republic of Iran
5Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Islamic Republic of Iran
6Modeling in Health Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Islamic Republic of Iran
7School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Immunology, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran

Introduction: Chronic diarrhea (CD) is one of the major diseases frequently occur during infancy worldwide. The effects of various substances in breast milk on preventing inflammatory diseases such as chronic diarrhea are not fully elucidated. This study aimed to determine the concentration of inflammatory cytokines, including interferon-gamma (IFN-?) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?), and anti-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-13 (IL-13) through the mothers’ breast milk feeding the infants with and without CD. Material and Methods: Breast milk samples were obtained from 45 mothers feeding the infants with CD as the case group and 45 mothers feeding the healthy infants without CD (or any other inflammatory diseases) as the control group. The concentration of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines of breast milk was measured using ELISA technique. Results: The mean of IL-13 concentration was significantly reduced in the case group compared to the control group (p<0.001). Whereas the mean of IL-4 concentration was significantly increased in the CD group in comparison to the control group (p=0.001). Conclusion: The results indicated a lower IL-13 concentration and a higher IL-4 concentration in the mothers feeding the infants with CD. Therefore, low IL-13 as an anti-inflammatory cytokine in breast milk may be capable of predisposing the infants to CD. On the other hand, inflammatory cytokines may promote the immunity of infants with CD.

Keywords: breastfeeding, chronic diarrhea, cytokines, infant

AsAnne Sütü İnterlökin-13 Düzeyleri ile Kronik Bebek İshali Arasındaki İlişki

Sepideh Moradkhani1, Mohammad Mahdi Mohammadi2, Fatmeh Minoochehr3, Matin Vesaltalab4, Seddighe Amini-Ranjbar5, Mohammad Reza Baneshi6, Farhad Seif7, Majid Khoshmirsafa7
1Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Immunology, Kerman, Islamic Republic of Iran
2Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Immunology, Kerman, Islamic Republic of Iran
3Human Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of Iran
4University of medical science, bandarAbbas, Islamic Republic of Iran
5Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Islamic Republic of Iran
6Modeling in Health Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Islamic Republic of Iran
7School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Immunology, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran

Giriş: Kronik ishal (Kİ), tüm dünyada bebeklik çağında sık olarak görülen önemli bir hastalıktır. Anne sütünde olan ve kronik ishal gibi enflamatuar hastalıkları engelleyen maddelerin varlığı ve etkisi tam araştırılmamıştır. Çalışmada, interferon gamma (IFN-?), tümör nekroz edici faktör alfa (TNF-?) gibi yengı artırıcı özelliği olan sitokinler ile intelökin-4(IL-4) ve interlökin-13 (IL-13) gibi yangı engelleyici sitokinlerin Kİ’i olan ve olmayan hastalardaki düzeylerine bakıldı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Anne sütü Kİ’li bebeği olan 45 anne ile, Kİ’’i ya da başka bir yangısal hastalığı olmayan bebeği bulunan ve kontrol grubunu oluşturacak 45 anneden süt örnekleri alındı. Bu alınan süt örneklerinden yangısal ve yangı-karşıtı sitokin düzeylerine ELISA tekniği ile bakıldı. Bulgular: IL-13 düzeyleri hasta grubunda kontrol grubundaki değerler ile karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde düşük bulundu (p<0.001). Sonuç: Bulgulara göre Kİ’i bulunan bebeği olan annelerin sütlerinde kontrol grubuna göre daha düşük IL-13 ve daha yüksek IL-4 saptanmaktadır. Bu neden ile, anne sütünde saptanan ve yangı-karşıtı özellikleri olan IL-13 bebekleri, Kİ’a daha duyarlı hale getiriyor olabilir. Diğer yandan, sitokinler, Kİ olan bebeklerde bağışıklığı artırıyor olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Anne sütü ile besleme, kronik ishal, sitokinler, bebek


Manuscript Language: English
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