Background:

Diabetes mellitus patients are at a higher risk of developing cognitive impairment compared to the non-diabetes mellitus population. There are various mechanisms underlying the association between diabetes mellitus and impaired cognitive function, including the failure of glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, and increased formation of amyloid beta, insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) and receptor of advanced glycosylation end product (RAGE).

Objective:

This study aimed to find the association of the levels of beta amyloid, insulin, IDE, and RAGE with the onset of cognitive impairment in diabetes mellitus patients.

Methods:

A case control study was conducted on 60 patients classified as 30 subjects with cognitive impairment and 30 subjects without cognitive impairment. Cognitive function was examined using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesian version (MoCA-Ina) which is a neuropsychological test. The plasma levels of beta amyloid, insulin, IDE and RAGE were measured by Elisa technique. Mean differences in the levels of biomarkers in both groups were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and the association between two variables was analyzed using the chi-square test.

Results:

It was found that the plasma levels of insulin and beta amyloid 42 were lower in the group with cognitive impairment and there was an association between low plasma levels of insulin and beta amyloid 42 with the occurrence of cognitive impairment (p<0.05)

Conclusion:

There seems to be a correlation between plasma insulin level, beta amiloid and cognitive impairment in patients with diabetes mellitus.

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